The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the final seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.